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SC/7229 |
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SECURITY COUNCIL EXTENDS IRAQ "OIL-FOR-FOOD" Also Adopts List of Material, Effective 30 May, NEW YORK, 29 November (UN Headquarters) -- Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the Security Council decided this afternoon to extend the Iraq "oil-for-food" programme for a further 180 days beginning 1 December 2001. Unanimously adopting resolution 1382 (2001), the Council also approved a proposed Goods Review List, attached as an Annex 1, open for implementation on 30 May 2002. Items on the list -– such as specific advanced telecommunications equipment -– are subject to procedures attached in Annex 2 and, before export to Iraq, must go to the Council’s Sanctions Committee for approval or denial, after an assessment has been made about, among other things, the risk of the item being diverted to military purposes. The Office of the Iraq Programme must also provide the Committee information on the possible end-use monitoring of such items. Other items on the list include: specialized electronic instrumentation and test equipment; image intensifier night vision systems and components; non-civil certified aircraft; marine acoustic equipment; specialized vibration test equipment; specialized semi-conductor manufacturing equipment; and certain biological equipment. Under other terms of the resolution, the Council reaffirmed the commitment of all Member States to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq. It also stressed that country's obligation to cooperate with the implementation of all applicable resolutions, including by respecting the security and safety of all persons directly involved in their implementation. The Council also reaffirmed the obligation of all States to prevent the sale or supply to Iraq of any commodities or goods, including weapons and military equipment, and to prevent the making available to Iraq of funds or any other financial or economic resources not authorized by existing resolutions. It appealed to all States to continue to cooperate in the timely submission of technically complete applications, the expeditious issuing of export licences and to ensure that urgently needed humanitarian supplies reached the Iraqi population as rapidly as possible. This afternoon's meeting began at 3:29 p.m. and adjourned at 3:32 p.m. Following is the full text of the resolution adopted today: Resolution The full text of resolution 1382 (2001) reads, as follows: "The Security Council, "Recalling its previous relevant resolutions, including its resolutions 986 (1995) of 14 April 1995, 1284 (1999) of 17 December 1999, 1352 (2001) of 1 June 2001 and 1360 (2001) of 3 July 2001, as they relate to the improvement of the humanitarian programme for Iraq, "Convinced of the need as a temporary measure to continue to provide for the civilian needs of the Iraqi people until the fulfilment by the Government of Iraq of the relevant resolutions, including notably resolutions 687 (1991) on 3 April 1991 and 1284 (1999), allows the Council to take further action with regard to the prohibitions referred to in resolution 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990 in accordance with the provisions of these resolutions, "Determined to improve the humanitarian situation in Iraq, "Reaffirming the commitment of all Member States to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq, "Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, "1. Decides that the provisions of resolution 986 (1995), except those contained in paragraphs 4, 11 and 12 and subject to paragraph 15 of resolution 1284 (1999), and the provisions of paragraphs 2, 3 and 5 to 13 of 1360 (2001) shall remain in force for a new period of 180 days beginning at 0001 hours, Eastern Standard Time, on 1 December 2001; "2. Notes the proposed Goods Review List (as contained in Annex 1) to this resolution) and the procedures for its application (as contained in Annex 2 to this resolution) and decides that it will adopt the List and the procedures, subject to any refinements to them agreed by the Council in light of further consultations, for implementation beginning on 30 May 2002; "3. Reaffirms the obligation of all States, pursuant to resolution 661 (1990) and subsequent relevant resolutions, to prevent the sale or supply to Iraq of any commodities or products, including weapons or any other military equipment, and to prevent the making available to Iraq of any funds or any other financial or economic resources, except as authorized by existing resolutions; "4. Stresses the obligation of Iraq to cooperate with the implementation of this resolution and other applicable resolutions, including by respecting the security and safety of all persons directly involved in their implementation; "5. Appeals to all States to continue to cooperate in the timely submission of technically complete applications and the expeditious issuing of export licences, and to take all other appropriate measures within their competence in order to ensure that urgently needed humanitarian supplies reach the Iraqi population as rapidly as possible; "6. Reaffirms its commitment to a comprehensive settlement on the basis of the relevant resolutions of the Security Council, including any clarification necessary for the implementation of resolution 1284 (1999); "7. Decides that, for the purposes of this resolution, references in resolution 1360 (2001) to the 150-day period established by that resolution shall be interpreted to refer to the 180-day period established pursuant to paragraph 1 above; "8. Decides to remain seized of the matter." Annex 1 Proposed Goods Review List (GRL) (Note: Arms and munitions are prohibited under UNSCR 687, para 24 and thus are not included on the review list.) A. Items subject to the provisions of UNSCR 1051 (1996). B. The List contained in document S/2001/1120, annex (to the extent, if any, the items on these lists are not covered by UNSCR 687, para 24). The list includes the following general categories and includes clarifying notes and statements of understanding: (1) advanced materials; (2) materials processing; (3) electronics; (4) computers; (5) telecommunications and information Security; (6) sensors and lasers; (7) navigation and avionics; (8) marine; and (9) propulsion. C. The following individual items, as further described in the annex: Command, Control, Communication and Simulation 1. Specific advanced telecommunications equipment. 2. Information security equipment. Sensors, Electronic Warfare, and Night Vision 3. Specialized electronic instrumentation and test equipment. 4. Image intensifier night vision systems, tubes, and components. Aircraft and Related Items 5. Specialized radar equipment. 6. Non-civil certified aircraft; all aero gas turbine engines; unmanned aerial vehicles; and parts and components. 7. Non-X-ray explosive detection equipment Naval-related Items 8. Air independent propulsion (AIP) engines and fuel cells specially designed for underwater vehicles, and specially designed components therefor. 9. Marine acoustic equipment. Explosives 10. Charges and devices specially designed for civil projects, and containing small quantities of energetic materials. Missile-Related Items 11. Specialized vibration test equipment. Conventional Weapons Manufacturing 12. Specialized semiconductor manufacturing equipment. Heavy Military Transport 13. Low-bed trailers/loaders with a carrying capacity greater than 30 metric tonnes and width equal to or greater than 3 meters. Biological Weapons Equipment 14. Certain Biological Equipment. Annex to Proposed Goods Review List (GRL) Technical Parameters for Individual Items #1. Specific advanced telecommunication equipment a. Any type of telecommunications equipment, specially designed to operate outside the temperature range from 218 K (-55° C) to 397 K (124° C); b. Phased array antennae, containing active elements and distributed components, and designed to permit electronic control of beam shaping and pointing, except for landing systems with instruments meeting International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards (microwave landing systems (MLS)); c. Radio relay communications equipment designed for use at frequencies of 7.9 through 10.55 GHz or exceeding 40 GHz and assemblies and components therefor; d. Optical fiber cables of more than 5 meters in length, and preforms or drawn fibers of glass or other materials optimized for manufacture and use as optical telecommunications transmission medium. Optical terminals and optical amplifiers; e. Software specially designed for the development or production of the components or equipment in a-d above; f. Technology for the development, design or production of the components, software, or equipment in a-d above. #2. Information security equipment Information security equipment having any of the following characteristics: a. a symmetric encryption algorithm; b. an asymmetric encryption algorithm; c. a discrete-log encryption algorithm; d. analog encryption or scrambling; e. TCSEC Bl, B2, B3, or Al or equivalent Multilevel Secure (MLS) computer systems; f. Software specially designed for the development or production of a-a above; g. Technology for the development, design or production of a-a above. Note 1: This entry does not require review of items that meet all of the following: a. Generally available to the public, by being sold, without restriction, from stock at retail selling points by means of any of the following: a.l. Over the counter transactions; a.2. Mail order transactions; a.3. Electronic transactions; a.4. Telephone call transactions; b. The cryptographic functionality cannot easily be changed by the user; c. Designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier; and d. When necessary, details of the items are accessible and will be provided, upon request, to the appropriate authority in the exporter’s country in order to ascertain compliance with conditions described in paragraphs a-c above. Note 2: This item does not require review of: a. Personalized smart cards where the cryptographic capability is restricted for use in equipment or systems excluded from control under entries b-f of this note. If a personalized smart card has multiple functions, the control status of each function is addressed individually; b. Receiving equipment for radio broadcast, pay television, or similar restricted audience broadcast of the consumer type, without digital encryption except that exclusively used for sending the billing or program-related information back to the broadcast providers; c. Equipment where the cryptographic capability is not user-accessible and which is specially designed and limited to allow any of the following: c.l. Execution of copy-protected software; c.2. Access to any of the following: c.2.a. Copy-protected contents stored on read-only media; or c.2.b. Information stored in encrypted form on media (e.g. in connection with intellectual property rights) where the media is offered for sale in identical sets to the public; _or c.2.c. One-time copying of copyright-protected audio/video data. d. Cryptographic equipment specially designed and limited for banking use or money transactions; Technical Note: "Money transactions" includes the collection and settlement of fares or credit functions. e. Portable or mobile radiotelephones for civil use (e.g. for commercial civil cellular radiocommunications systems) that are not capable of end-to-end encryption; f. Cordless telephone equipment not capable of end-to-end encryption where the maximum effective range of unboosted cordless operation (i.e., a single, unreláyed hop between terminal and home basestation) is less than 400 meters according to the manufacturer’s specifications. #3. Specialized electronic instrumentation and test equipment a. Signal analyzers from 4 through 31 GHz; b. Microwave test receivers from 4 through 40 GHz; c. Network analyzers from 4 through 40 GHz; d. Signal generators from 4 through 31 GHz; e. Travelling wave tubes, pulsed or continuous wave, as follows: e.1. Coupled cavity tubes, or derivatives thereof; e.2. Helix tubes, or derivatives thereof, with any of the following: e.2.a.l. An instantaneous bandwidth of half an octave or more; and e.2.a.2. The product of the rated average output power (expressed in kW) and the maximum operating frequency (expressed in GHz) of more than 0.2; e.2.b.1 An instantaneous bandwidth of less than half an octave; and e.2.b.2. The product of the rated average output power (expressed in kW) and the maximum operating frequency (expressed in GHz) of more than 0.4; f. Equipment specially designed for the manufacture of electron tubes, optical elements and specially designed components therefor; g. Hydrogen/hydrogen-isotope thyratrons of ceramic-metal construction and rate for a peak current of 500 A or more; h. Digital instrumentation data recorders having any of the following characteristics: h.l. A maximum digital interface transfer rate exceeding 175 Mbit/s; or h.2. Space qualified. i. Radiation and radioisotope detection and simulation equipment, analyzers, software, and Nuclear Instrumentation Module (NIM) componentry and mainframes; j. Software specially designed for the development or production of the components or equipment in a-i above; k. Technology for the development, design or production of the components or equipment in a-i above. Note: Items a-e do not require review when contained in contracts for civil telecommunications projects, including ongoing maintenance, operation, and repair of the system, certified for civil use by the supplier government. #4. Image intensifier night vision systems, tubes, and components a. Night vision systems (i.e., cameras or direct view imaging equipment) using an image intensifier tube that utilizes a microchannel plate (MCP) and an S-20, S-25, GaAs, or GaInAs photocathode. b. Image intensifier tubes that utilize a microchannel plate (MCP) and an S-20, S-25, GaAs, or GsINAs photocathode with a sensitivity of 240 micro Amps per lumen and below: c. Microchannel plates of 15 micrometers and above. d. Software specially designed for the development or production of the components or equipment in a-c above; e. Technology for the development, design or production of the components or equipment in a-c above. #5. Specialized radar equipment a. All airborne radar equipment and specially designed components therefor, not including radars specially designed for meteorological use or Mode 3, Mode C, and Mode S civilian air traffic control equipment specially designed to operate only in the 960-1215 MHz band; Note: This entry does not require initial review of airborne radar equipment installed as original equipment in civil-certified aircraft operating in Iraq. b. All ground-based primary radar systems that are capable of aircraft detection and tracking. c. Software specially designed for the development or production of the components or equipment in a and b above; d. Technology for the development, design or production of the components or equipment in a and b above. #6. Non-civil certified aircraft; all aero gas turbine engines; unmanned aerial vehicles; and parts and components a. Non-civil certified aircraft and specially designed parts and components therefor. This does not include parts and components solely designed to accommodate a carrying of passengers including seats, food services, environmental conditioning, lighting systems, and passenger safety devices. Note: Civil certified aircraft consist of aircraft that have been certified for general civil use by the civil aviation authorities of the original equipment manufacturer's government. b. All gas turbine engines except those designed for stationary power generation applications, and specially designed parts and components therefor. c. Unmanned aerial vehicles and parts and components therefor with any of the following characteristics: c.l. Capable of autonomous operation; c.2. Capable of operating beyond line of sight; c.3. Incorporating a satellite navigation receiver (i.e. GPS); c.4. A gross take-off weight greater than 25 kg (55 pounds). d. Parts and components for civil-certified aircraft (not including engines). Note 1: This does not include parts and components for normal maintenance of non-Iraqi owned or leased civil-certified aircraft that were originally qualified or certified by the original equipment manufacturer for that aircraft. Note 2: For Iraqi-owned or leased civil aircraft, review of parts and components for normal maintenance is not required if the maintenance is performed in a country other than Iraq. Note 3: For Iraqi-owned or leased aircraft, parts and components are subject to review except for equivalent one-for-one replacement of parts and components that have been certified or qualified by the original equipment manufacturer for use on that aircraft. Note 4: Any specially designed parts or components that improve the performance of the aircraft remain subject to review. e. Technology, including software, for the design, development and production of equipment and parts/components for the items in sub-items a-d above. #9. Marine acoustic equipment a. Marine acoustic systems, equipment and specially designed components therefor, as follows: a.l. Active (transmitting or transmitting-and-receiving) systems, equipment and specially designed components therefor, as follows: a.l.a. Wide-swath bathymetric survey systems designed for seabed topographic mapping designed to measure depths less than 600 m below the water surface a.2. Passive (receiving, whether or not related in normal application to separate active equipment) systems, equipment and specially designed components thereof as follows: a.2.a. Hydrophones with sensitivity better than minus 220 Db at any depth with no acceleration' compensation; a.2.b. Towed acoustic hydrophone arrays designed or able to be modified to operate at depths exceeding 15 meters but not exceeding 35 meters. a.2.b.1. Heading sensors with an accuracy better than +/- 0.5 degrees. a.2.c. Processing equipment specially designed for towed acoustic hydrophone arrays. a.2.d. Processing equipment, specially designed for bottom or bay cable systems. b. Correlation-velocity sonar log equipment designed to measure the horizontal speed of the equipment carrier relative to the seabed. Technical Note: Hydrophone sensitivity is defined as twenty times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of rms output voltage to a 1 V rms reference, when the hydrophone sensor, without a pre-amplifier, is placed in a plane wave acoustic field with an rms pressure of 1 p2a. For example, a hydrophone of -160 Db, reference 1 V per uPa) -180 Db. #10. Charges and devices specially designed for civil projects, and containing small quantities of the following energetic materials: 1. Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (CAS 2691-41-0) (HMX); octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazine; 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraza-cyclooctane; (octogen, octogene); 2. Exanitrostilbene (HNS) (CAS 20062-22-0); 3. Triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) (CAS 3058-38-6); 4. Triaminoguanidinenitrate (TAGN) (CAS 4000-16-2); 5. Dinitroglycoluril (DNGU, DINGU) (CPS 55510-04-81: tetranitroglycoluril (TNGU, SORGUYL) (CAS 55510-03-7); 6. Tetranitrobenzotriazolobenzotriazole (TACOT) (CAS 25243-36-1); 7. Diaminohexanitrobiphenyl (DIPAM) (CAS 17215-44-0) ; 8. Picrylaminodinitropyridine (PYX) (CAS 38082-89-2); 9. 3-vitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO or ONTA) (CAS 932-64-9); l0. Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) (CAS 121-82-4); cyclonite; T4; hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazine; 1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triaza-cyclohexane (hexogen, hexogene); 11. 2-(5-cyanotetrazolato) penta amine-cobalt (III) -perchlorate (or CP) (CAS 70247-32-4); 12. cis-bis (5-nitrotetrazolato) tetra amine-cobalt (III) perchlorate (or BNCP); 13. 7-Amino-4,6-dinitrobenzofurazane-l-oxide (ADNBF) (CAS 97096-78-1); amino dinitrobenzofuroxan; 14. 5,7-diamino-4,6-dinitrobenzofurazane-l-oxide (CAS 117907-74-1), (CL-14 or diamino dinitrobenzofuroxan); 15. 2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazacyclohexanone (K-6 or Keto-RDX) (CAS 115029-35-1); 16. 2,4,6,8-tetran.itro-2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo [3,3,0]-octanone-3 (CAS 130256-72-3) (tetranitrosemiglycouril, K-55 or keto-bicyclic HMX); 17. 1,1,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) (CAS 97645-24-4); 18. 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin (TNAD) (CAS 135877-16"=6); 19. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CAS 135285-90-4) (CL-20 or HNIW); and chlathrates of CL-20; 20. Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl) (CAS 479-45-8); 21. Any explosive with a detonation velocity exceeding 8,700 m/s or a detonation pressure exceeding 34 GPa (340 kbar); 22. Other organic explosives yielding detonation pressures of 25 GPa(250 kbar) or more that will remain stable at temperatures of 523 K (250°C) or higher for periods of 5 minutes or longer; 23. Any other United Nations (UN) Class 1.1 solid propellant with a theoretical specific impulse (under standard conditions) of more than 250 s for non-metallised, or more than 270 s for aluminized compositions; and 24. Any UN Class 1.3 solid propellant with a theoretical specific impulse of more than 230 s for non-halogenised, 250 s for non-metallised and 266 s for metallised compositions. Note: When not part of a charge or device specifically designed for civil projects in small. quantities, the energetic materials above are considered military items and are subject to UNSCR 687, para 24. #11. Specialized vibration test equipment Vibration test equipment and specially designed parts and components capable of simulating flight conditions of less than 15,000 meters. a. Software specially designed for the development or production of the components or equipment above; b. Technology for the development, design or production of the components or equipment above. #12. Specialized semiconductor manufacturing equipment a. Items specially designed for the manufacture, assembly, packaging, test, and design of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits and assemblies with a minimum feature size of 1.0 micrometers, including: a.l. Equipment and materials for plasma etch, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), lithography, mask lithography, masks, and photoresists. a.2. Equipment specially designed for ion implantation, ion-enhanced or photo-enhanced diffusion, having any of the following characteristics: a.2.a. Beam energy (accelerating voltage) exceeding 200 keV; or a.2.b. Optimized to operate at a beam energy (accelerating voltage) of less than 10 keV. a.3. Surface finishing equipment for the processing of semiconductor wafers as follows: a.3.a. Specially designed equipment for backside processing of wafers thinner than 100 micrometer and the subsequent separation thereof; or a.3.b. Specially designed equipment for achieving a surface roughness of the active surface of a processed wafer with a two-sigma value of 2 micrometer or less, total indicator reading (TIR) ; a.4. Equipment, other than general-purpose computers, specially designed for computer-aided design (CAD) of semiconductor devices or integrated circuits; a.5. Equipment for the assembly of integrated circuits, as follows: a.5.a. Stored program controlled die bonders having all of the following characteristics: a.5.a.l. Specially designed for hybrid integrated circuits; a.5.a.2. X-Y stage positioning travel exceeding 37.5 x 37.5 mm; and a.5.a.3. Placement accuracy in the X-Y plane of finer than + 10 micrometer; a.5.b. Stored program controlled equipment for producing multiple bonds in a single operation (e.g., beam lead bonders, chip carrier bonders, tape bonders); a.5.c. Semi-automatic or automatic hot cap sealers, in which the cap is heated locally to a higher temperature than the body of the package, specially designed for ceramic microcircuit packages and that have a throughput equal to or more than one package per minute. b. Software specially designed for the development or production of the components or equipment in a. above; c. Technology for the development, design or. production of the components or equipment in a. above. #14. Certain Biological Equipment a. Equipment for the microencapsulation of live microorganisms and toxins in the range of 1-15 micron particle size, to include interfacial polycondeiisors and phase separators. Annex 2 Procedures 1. Applications for each export of commodities and products should be forwarded to the Office of the Iraq Programme (OIP) by the exporting States through permanent or observer missions, or by United Nations agencies and programmes. Each application should include technical specifications and end-user information in order for a determination to be made on whether the contract contains any item referred to in paragraph 24 of resolution 687 (1991) or any item on the Goods Review List (GRL). A copy of the concluded contractual arrangements should be attached to the application. 2. Each application and the concluded contractual arrangements will be reviewed by customs experts in the OIP and experts from UNMOVIC, consulting the IAEA as necessary, in order to determine whether the contract contains any item referred to in paragraph 24 of resolution 687 (1991) or included on the GRL. The OIP will identify an official to act as a contact point on each contract. 3. In order to verify that the conditions set out in paragraph 2 above are met, the experts may request additional information from the exporting States or Iraq. The exporting States or Iraq should provide the additional information requested within a period of 60 days. If the experts do not require any additional information within four working days, the procedure under paragraphs 5, 6 and 7 below applies. 4. If the experts determine that the exporting State or Iraq has not provided the additional information within the period set out in paragraph 3 above, the application will not proceed further until the necessary information has been provided. 5. If the UNMOVIC experts, consulting the IAEA as necessary, determine that the contract contains any item referred to in paragraph 24 of resolution 687 (1991), the application shall be considered lapsed and returned to mission or agency which submitted it. 6. If the UNMOVIC experts, consulting the IAEA as necessary, determine that the contract contains any item referred to in the GRL, they will forward to the Committee full details of the GRL listed items, including the technical specifications of the items and the associated contract. In addition, OIP and UNMOVIC, consulting the IAEA as necessary, shall provide to the Committee an assessment of the humanitarian, economic and security implications, of the approval or denial of the GRL listed items, including the viability of the whole contract in which the GRL listed item appears and the risk of diversion of the item for military purposes. OIP shall also provide information on the possible end-use monitoring of such items. OIP will immediately inform the missions or agencies concerned. The remaining items in the contract, which are determined as not included in the GRL, will be processed according to the procedure in paragraph 7 below. 7. If the UNMOVIC experts, consulting the IAEA as necessary, determine that the contract does not contain any item referred to in paragraph 2 above, the Office of the Iraq Programme will inform immediately the Government of Iraq and the exporting State in written form. The exporter will be eligible for payment upon verification by Cotecna that the goods have arrived as contracted in Iraq. 8. If the mission or agency submitting a contract disagrees with the decision to refer the contract to the Committee, it may appeal against this decision within two business days to the Executive Director of OIP. In that event, the Executive Director of OIP, in consultation with the Executive Chairman of UNMOVIC, will appoint experts to reconsider the contract in accordance with the procedures set out above. Their decision, endorsed by the Executive Director and Executive Chairman, will be final and no further appeals will be permitted. The application shall not be forwarded to the Committee until the appeal period has expired without an appeal being filed. 9. Experts from OIP and UNMOVIC who review contracts should be drawn from the broadest possible geographical base. 10. The Secretariat will report to the Committee at the end of each 180-day phase on the contracts submitted and approved for export to Iraq during this period and provide to any member of the Committee at the member’s request copies of applications for information purposes only. 11. Any Committee member may call for an urgent meeting of the Committee to consider revising or revoking these procedures. The Committee will keep these procedures under review and, in light of experience, will amend them as appropriate. Background When the Security Council met this afternoon to consider the situation between Iraq and Kuwait, it had before it the report of the Secretary–General (document S/2001/1089) on the implementation of resolution 1360 (2001), in which he was requested to provide a comprehensive report to the Council 150 days after the entry into force of the resolution on its implementation. By that resolution, the Council extended the provisions of resolution 986 (1995) for 150 days and decided that, from the sum produced from the export of petroleum and petroleum products originating in Iraq in the 150-day period, amounts for the food/nutrition and health sectors should continue to be allocated on a priority basis. Thirteen per cent of the sum produced would be used to complement the distribution by the Government of Iraq of imported goods, in order to ensure an equitable distribution of humanitarian relief to all segments of the Iraqi population. Also by resolution 1360 (2001), the Council decided that, from the funds produced, up to a total of $600 million might be used to meet reasonable expenses other than expenses payable in Iraq, including for necessary parts and equipment, to enable Iraq to increase the export of petroleum and petroleum products, for the purchase of locally produced goods and to meet the local cost for essential civilian needs. The Council also decided that the effective deduction rate of the funds to be transferred to the Compensation Fund in the 150-day period should be 25 per cent. It further decided that additional funds resulting from this decision would be deposited into an account to be used strictly to address the needs of the most vulnerable groups in Iraq. The Council expressed its intention to establish a mechanism to review, before the end of the 150-day period, the effective deduction rate in future phases, taking into account the key elements of the humanitarian needs of the Iraqi people. The report before the Council today describes the developments in the implementation of the humanitarian programme in Iraq, pursuant to resolution 986 (1995). The report says that, despite programme's shortcomings, as well as the complaints and criticisms levelled by various quarters against the programme, it continues to make a considerable difference in the daily lives of the average Iraqi citizen. The programme's effectiveness can be further improved if all parties concerned take the necessary measures to remove the difficulties to its implementation. The programme has continued to suffer, the Secretary-General says, because of a number of factors, including: the cumbersome procedures involved in formulating the distribution plan, and the late submission of the plan which has seem subjected to thousands of amendments; slow contracting for essential supplies by the Iraqi Government and the United Nations agencies and programmes; and the inordinate delays and irregularities in the submission of applications for such contacts to the Secretariat by both the suppliers and the agencies and programmes concerned. The Secretary-General says the substantial shortfall in the funds available for programme implementation, particularly during phase X, continues to be a major concern. Although the distribution plan for that phase was budgeted at $5.5 billion, only about $2.2 billion is available for funding the supplies and equipment during phase X, due mainly to the sharp decline in oil market prices and the lower rate of export of Iraqi oil. The unacceptably high level of holds placed by the Committee also continues to affect adversely the efficient implementation of the programme. He goes on to say that, because of the substantial drop in revenues received during the previous phase, over $1.6 billion worth of approved applications have been transferred to phase X for funding purposes. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Government of Iraq further review the relative sectoral allocations in the distribution plan for phase X and submit revised sectoral allocations, in order to ensure the funding of priority sectors. The Secretary-General appealed to all parties concerned to take steps to address most urgently the difficulties referred to in the present report. He also reiterates his appeal to all parties to refrain from politicizing the implementation of the programme and, instead, to concentrate their efforts on maximizing the full benefits of the programme to the Iraqi people. On 1 June 2001, the Council expressed its intention to consider new arrangements for the sale or supply of commodities and products to Iraq, and for the facilitation of civilian trade and economic cooperation with Iraq in civilian sectors. It was felt that the new arrangements would significantly improve the flow of commodities and products to Iraq, other than arms and related materiel of all types, chemical and biological weapons, and ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150 kilometres. The new arrangements would improve the controls to prevent the sale or supply of items prohibited or unauthorized by the Council. Also, they would prevent the flow of revenues to Iraq from the export of petroleum and related products outside the escrow account established by resolution 986 (1995). Other relevant resolutions are: 669 (1990), 986 (1995), 1153 (1998), 1284 (1999), 1293 (2000) and 1302 (2000). "Oil for Food" In 1990, the Security Council imposed comprehensive sanctions on Iraq. Concerned about the extended suffering of the civilian population as a result of the sanctions, the Council passed resolution 986 in April 1995 with an "oil-for- food" formula, as a "temporary measure to provide for the humanitarian needs of the Iraqi people". The programme began at the end of 1996 after the Government of Iraq and the United Nations Secretariat reached agreement on a Memorandum of Understanding. The Memorandum set out the details of implementing resolution 986 (1995) which permitted Iraq to sell up to $2 billion worth of oil in a 180-day period. The first 180-day period ran from 10 December to 7 June 1997. The Council continued the programme in 180-day periods, which are called phases. The ceiling on oil sales was lifted in 1999, enabling the programme to move from a focus on food and medicine to repairing essential infrastructure, including the oil industry. The current exporting period, phase X, runs through 30 November 2001. Approximately 72 per cent of the oil revenue funds the humanitarian programme in Iraq; 25 per cent goes to the Compensation Commission in Geneva; 2.2 per cent covers the United Nations costs for administering the programme; and 8 per cent for the administration of the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC). * *** * |
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